Curie temperature,, abbreviated as \(T_c\), also called Curie point, is the specific temperature at which a ferromagnetic material loses its permanent magnetic properties and transitions into a paramagnetic material. This phenomenon is a relationship between temperature and magnetism. Below the Curie temperature, a material's atomic magnetic moments are spontaneously aligned in the same direction, creating a strong, permanent magnetic field. As the material is heated, the increasing thermal energy disrupts this alignment, causing the magnetic moments to become random. Once the temperature surpasses the Curie point, the material's ability to retain its magnetism is lost, and it will only exhibit a very weak, induced magnetism when placed within an external magnetic field. The Curie temperature is unique to each material, with values for common elements like iron (°C), cobalt (°C), and nickel (°C).
