| Propane |
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Physical Properties
Color - Colorless
Odor - Odorless
Density - \(0.02115 \; lbm/in^3 \;\)@\(\; -49 \; F^\circ \; (0.5853 \; g/cc \;\)@\(\; -45 \; C^\circ)\)
Molecular Weight - \(44.097 \; g/mol\)
Vapor Pressure - \(75.0 \; torr \;\)@\(\; -119 \; F^\circ \; (0.1000 \; bar \;\)@\(\; -83.8 \; C^\circ)\)
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula - \(C_3H_8\)
State of Matter - Gas
Flammability - Highly
Critical Pressure - \(31863 \; torr \; (42.481 \; bar)\)
Critical Temperature - \(206 \; F^\circ \; (96.67 \; C^\circ)\)
Critical Density - \(0.00798 \; lb/in^3 \; (0.221 \; g/cc)\)
Critical Molar Volume - \(12.2 \; in^3/mol \; (200 \; cm^3/mol)\)
Thermal Properties
Melting Point - \(-306.4 \; F^\circ \; (-188 \; C^\circ)\)
Boiling Point - \(-44 \; F^\circ \; (-42.2 \; C^\circ)\)
Flash Point - \(-155.2 \; F^\circ \; (-104 \; C^\circ)\)
Autoignition Temp. - \(878 \; F^\circ \; (470 \; C^\circ)\) to \(1020 \; F^\circ \; (550 \; C^\circ)\)
LFL - \(2.1\)%
UFL - \(9.5\)%
PEL - \(1000 \; ppm\)
Heat of Fusion - \(34.14 \; BTU/lb \; (79.35 \; J/g)\)
Heat of Vaporization - \(34.14 \; BTU/lb \; (431.6 \; J/g)\)
Thermal Conductivity - \(0.125 \; BTUin/hrft^3F^\circ \;\)@\(\; 14.5 \; psi \; (0.0180 \; W/mK \;\)@\(\; 0.100 \; MPa)\)
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Propane is an alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula \(C_3H_8\), consisting of three carbon atoms bonded in a straight chain, with the remaining valencies satisfied by eight hydrogen atoms. It is a colorless, odorless, and highly flammable gas that is most commonly known as a primary component of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), alongside butane. Propane is easily liquefied under pressure, making it convenient to store and transport in tanks. This property makes it a versatile fuel source, widely used for heating homes and water, powering outdoor grills, camping stoves, and vehicles, and as a refrigerant. In industrial settings, propane can also serve as a petrochemical feedstock for producing other chemicals. Due to its flammability, safety precautions are essential when handling and storing propane.
