Arithmetic is the study of numbers and their properties of the basic operations, added, subtracted, divided or multiplied to get an answer.

Arithmetic Glossary

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A

• Addition  -  Finding the sum of two or more munbers.

B

C

• Comparison  -  Compasring two numbers to see which is the largest.

• Counting  -  An action to finding the number of elements of a finite set of objects.

• Counting Number  -  Any number used to count things  \(\large{ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,... }\)  excluding  \(\large{ 0 }\) , negative numbers, fractions or decimals.

D

• Division  -  Dividing two numbers to find how many times one number is contained in another number.

E

• Equation  -  A statement containing one or more variables that are either added, subtracted, divided or multiplied to get an answer.  \(\large{ 13a^2+7x-21=19 }\)

F

• Fraction  -  A part  \(\large{ \frac{3}{8} }\)  of the whole.

• Factor number  -  Numbers \(\large{ 3 }\) and \(\large{ 8 }\) are factors that can be multiplied to get another number \(\large{ 24 }\) .  Equation \(\large{ 3 \times 8=24 }\)

• Formula  -  An expression in symbols used to calculate a desired result in mathematics and chemistry.

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L

M

• Mean  -  The sum of all numbers in a set divided by the number of the values.  \(\large{ (2 + 3 + 4 + 5) / 4 = 3.5 }\)

• Multiplication  -  Adding a number by itself multiple times.

• Multiplier  -  In a set of terms  \(\large{ 3 \times 7 = 21 }\)  the number that you are multiplying by.  \(\large{ 3 }\)  is the multiplier,  \(\large{ 7 }\)  is the multiplicand, and  \(\large{ 21 }\)  is the product.

N

• Negative number  -  It is the oposite of a whole number  \(\large{ ... , -5, -4, -3, -2, -1 }\)  or decimal number excluding  \(\large{ 0 }\) .

• Number  -  A mathmatical object used to count.

• Number types  - digits, fractional number, integer number, irrational number, natural number, numeral, rational number, real number, transcendental number, and whole number

• Numeral  -  A single symbol to make a numeral like  \(\large{ 2119 }\) .

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P

• Positive number  -  A counting number  \(\large{ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,... }\)  or decimal number excluding  \(\large{ 0 }\) .

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R

• Rational number  -  Any number that can be expressed as a ratio (fraction) of two integers numbers.  \(\large{ 0=\frac{0}{1} }\) ,  \(\large{ 0.125=\frac{1}{8} }\) , \(\large{ 1.5=\frac{3}{2} }\)

S

• Subtraction  -  An operation of taking away an amount from another to get a difference.

• Sum  -  In a set of terms  \(\large{ 3 + 7 = 10 }\)  it is the result.  \(\large{ 10 }\) is the sum, and  \(\large{ 3 }\)  and  \(\large{ 7 }\)  are each addends.

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V

W

• Whole number  -  Just positive numbers  \(\large{ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, ... }\)  with no fractions.

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