Light crude oil is a type of petroleum characterized by its relatively low density and viscosity, making it easier to extract, transport, and refine compared to heavier crude oils. It typically has a higher API gravity, usually above 31.1 degrees, which indicates a lighter, less dense oil that flows more freely. Light crude contains a higher proportion of lighter hydrocarbons, such as gasoline and diesel, and lower amounts of sulfur and other impurities, earning it the classification of "sweet" when sulfur content is below 0.5%. These properties make light crude highly desirable for refineries, as it yields a greater percentage of valuable products like gasoline, jet fuel, and petrochemicals with less processing. Examples of light crude include West Texas Intermediate (WTI) and Brent Crude, which are global benchmarks for oil pricing. Its ease of refinement and high yield of usable products contribute to its premium market value, though its availability is limited compared to heavier crude oils.
