Fracture gradient is the pressure gradient at which a formation (rock layer) will fracture or break apart when subjected to hydraulic pressure. It’s used in the oil and gas industry, particularly during well planning and drilling operations, as it helps determine the maximum pressure that can be applied to the formation without causing unintended fractures. Understanding the fracture gradient is vital for maintaining wellbore stability and preventing costly and hazardous situations. If the drilling mud weight exceeds the fracture gradient, it can lead to formation fracturing, resulting in lost circulation and potential well control problems. Therefore, accurate determination of the fracture gradient is essential for safe and efficient drilling operation.
