Seasonal Energy Efficiency Rating Formula |
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| \( SEER \;=\; \dfrac{ C_o }{ E_i }\) | ||
| Symbol | English | Metric |
| \( SEER \) = Seasonal Energy Efficiency Rating (varying weather conditions) | \(dimensionless\) | \(dimensionless\) |
| \( C_o \) = Total Seasonal Cooling Output | \(BTU\) | \(BTU\) |
| \( E_i \) = Total Seasonal Energy Input | \(W-hr\) | \(W-hr\) |
Seasonal Energy Efficiency Rating, abbreviated as \(SEER\), a dimensionless number, is a measure of how efficiently an air conditioner or heat pump cools a space over an entire cooling season. Instead of evaluating performance at a single operating condition, SEER averages the system’s cooling output across a range of temperatures that typically occur during a season. It is calculated by dividing the total cooling provided (in British thermal units, or BTU) by the total electrical energy consumed (in watt-hours) over that same period. A higher SEER value indicates a more energy efficient system that uses less electricity to produce the same amount of cooling, which can lower utility costs and reduce environmental impact. SEER ratings are commonly used when comparing residential HVAC units to help determine potential long-term operating savings.
Seasonal Energy Efficiency Rating (Time Base Expanded) Formula |
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| \( SEER \;=\; \dfrac{ \sum Q(t) \cdot dt }{ \sum P(t) \cdot dt }\) | ||
| Symbol | English | Metric |
| \( SEER \) = Seasonal Energy Efficiency Rating (varying weather conditions) | \(dimensionless\) | \(dimensionless\) |
| \( Q(t) \) = Cooling Capacity at time t | \(BTU\;/\;hr\) | \(W\) |
| \( P(t) \) = Electric Power Consumption at Time t | \(W\) | \(W\) |
| \( dt \) = Infinitesimal Time | \(min\) | \(min\) |
Seasonal Energy Efficiency Rating (Varying Weather Conditions) Formula |
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| \( SEER \;=\; \dfrac{ 1 \cdot ( EER \cdot 100\% ) + 42 \cdot ( EER \cdot 75\% ) + 12\cdot ( EER \cdot 250\%\ ) }{100 }\) | ||
| Symbol | English | Metric |
| \( SEER \) = Seasonal Energy Efficiency Rating (varying weather conditions) | \(dimensionless\) | \(dimensionless\) |
| \( EER \) = Energy Efficiency Rating | \(dimensionless\) | \(dimensionless\) |
Seasonal Energy Efficiency Rating (EER above 14) Formula |
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\( SEER \;=\; \dfrac{ EER }{ 0.875 }\) (Seasonal Energy Efficiency Rating (EER above 14)) \( EER \;=\; SEER \cdot 0.875 \) |
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| Symbol | English | Metric |
| \( SEER \) = Seasonal Energy Efficiency Rating (when EER is above 14) | \(dimensionless\) | \(dimensionless\) |
| \( EER \) = Energy Efficiency Rating | \(dimensionless\) | \(dimensionless\) |
Seasonal Energy Efficiency Rating (EER below 14) Formula |
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| \( SEER \;=\; \dfrac{ 1.12 - \sqrt{ 1.2544 - EER \cdot 0.08 } }{ 0.04 }\) | ||
| Symbol | English | Metric |
| \( SEER \) = Seasonal Energy Efficiency Rating (when EER is below 14) | \(dimensionless\) | \(dimensionless\) |
| \( EER \) = Energy Efficiency Rating | \(dimensionless\) | \(dimensionless\) |