Electromagnetic energy, abbreviated as \(EM\), is the energy carried by electromagnetic waves. These waves are composed of electric and magnetic fields oscillating perpendicular to each other and traveling through space. The electromagnetic spectrum encompasses a wide range of frequencies and wavelengths, including radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays, and gamma rays. Each of these types of electromagnetic radiation has different properties and interactions with matter.
