Van der Waals Equation
Van der Waals equation is a modification of the ideal gas law, corrects for the volume of, and attractive forces between gas molecules.
Van der Waals Equation |
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| \(\large{ \left[ p + a \; \left( \frac{n}{V}^2 \right) \right] \; \left( \frac{V}{n} - b \right) = R \; T }\) | ||
| Symbol | English | Metric |
| \(\large{ a }\) = correction for the intermolecular forces | \(\large{\frac{gal}{mol}}\) | \(\large{\frac{L}{mol}}\) |
| \(\large{ b }\) = adjusts for the volume occupied by the gas particles | \(\large{ft^3}\) | \(\large{m^3}\) |
| \(\large{ n }\) = number of moles of gas | \(\large{dimensionless}\) | |
| \(\large{ p }\) = pressure of gas | \(\large{\frac{lbf}{in^2}}\) | \(\large{Pa}\) |
| \(\large{ R }\) = specific gas constant (gas constant) | \(\large{\frac{ft-lbf}{lbm-R}}\) | \(\large{\frac{J}{kg-K}}\) |
| \(\large{ T }\) = temperature of gas | \(\large{F}\) | \(\large{K}\) |
| \(\large{ V }\) = volume of gas | \(\large{ft^3}\) | \(\large{m^3}\) |
Article Links |
Van der Waals Equation Constant |
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| Material | Moleculalar Formula | a \(\frac{L^2\; bar}{mol^2}\) | b \(\frac{L}{mol}\) |
| Acetylene | \(C_2 H_2\) | 4.516 | 0.0522 |
| Ammonia | \(NH_3\) | 4.225 | 0.03713 |
| Ammonium chloride | \(NH_4 Cl\) | 2.38 | 0.00734 |
| Benzene | \(C_6 H_6\) | 18.82 | 0.1193 |
| Bromine | \(Br_2\) | 9.75 | 0.05912 |
| Butane | \(C_4 H_{10}\) | 13.93 | 0.1168 |
| Carbon dioxide | \(CO_2\) | 3.658 | 0.04286 |
| Carbon disulphide | \(CS_2\) | 11.25 | 0.07262 |
| Carbon monoxide | \(CO\) | 1.472 | 0.03948 |
| Chlorine | \(Cl_2\) | 6.343 | 0.05422 |
| Decane | \(C_{10} H_{22}\) | 52.88 | 0.3051 |
| Ethanol | \(C_2 H_5 OH\) | 12.56 | 0.0871 |
| Ethyl acetate | \(C_4 H_8 O_2\) | 20.57 | 0.1401 |
| Ethylbenzene | \(C_8 H_{10}\) | 30.86 | 0.1782 |
| Ethylene | \(C_2 H_4\) | 4.612 | 0.05821 |
| Fluroethylene | \(C_2 H_3 F\) | 5.984 | 0.06504 |
| Fluorine | \(F_2\) | 1.171 | 0.02896 |
| Helium | \(He\) | 0.0346 | 0.0238 |
| Hydrogen | \(H_2\) | 0.2453 | 0.02651 |
| Hydrogen bromide | \(HBr\) | 4.5 | 0.04415 |
| Hydrogen chloride | \(HCI\) | 3.7 | 0.04061 |
| Hydrogen selenide | \(H_2 Se\) | 5.523 | 0.0479 |
| Hydrogen sulphide | \(H_2 S\) | 4.544 | 0.04339 |
| Isobutane | \(C_4 H_{10}\) | 13.36 | 0.1168 |
| Isobutylbenzene | \(C_{10} H_{14}\) | 40.4 | 0.2215 |
| Isobutyl acetate | \(C_6 H_{12} O_2 \) | 29.05 | 0.1845 |
| Mercury | \(Hg\) | 5.193 | 0.01057 |
| Methylamine | \(CH_3 NH_2\) | 7.106 | 0.05879 |
| Methyl propanoate | \(C_4 H_8 O_2\) | 20.51 | 0.1377 |
| Neopentane | \(C_5 H_{12}\) | 17.17 | 0.141 |
| Nitric oxide | \(NO\) | 1.46 | 0.0289 |
| Nitrogen | \(N_2\) | 1.37 | 0.0387 |
| Nitrogen dioxide | \(NO_2\) | 5.36 | 0.0443 |
| Nitrous oxide | \(N_2 O\) | 3.852 | 0.04435 |
| Octane | \(C_8 H_{18}\) | 37.86 | 0.2372 |
| Oxygen | \(O_2\) | 53.6 | 0.157 |
| Ozone | \(O_3\) | 3.57 | 0.0487 |
| Pentane | \(C_5 H_{12}\) | 19.13 | 0.1451 |
| Phosphorus | \(P\) | 53.6 | 0.157 |
| Propane | \(C_3 H_8\) | 9.385 | 0.09044 |
| Radon | \(Rn\) | 6.601 | 0.06239 |
| Silane | \(SiH_4\) | 4.38 | 0.0579 |
| Sulphur | \(S\) | 24.3 | 0.066 |
| Sulphur dioxide | \(SO_2\) | 6.865 | 0.05679 |
| Water | \(H_2 O\) | 5.537 | 0.03049 |
